I thought about your queston for most of the week, Lac.  No, I don't think it's possible (or really desirable) to be absolutely objective about yourself.  I mean, self work is pretty darned subjective.  And being absolutely and totally without the ability or inclination to judge yourself is borderline sociopathology. I want to be absolutely clear on this:  Though I am pretty sure sociopaths have less self image issues, I am not recommending it as a solution.  For one thing, it scares the neighbors.

But I don't think it's possible to learn anything useful about what goes on inside your head if as soon as you see a feeling or a thought you throw it right into the good or bad box.  Actions deal with other people, and are therefore more subject to regulation based on social and moral guidelines.  But to really get into your head and see how it works, you need to be able to just watch it without flinching or labeling or (at first) trying to change it.

Think of the introspective part of you like a Mars Rover.  It lands in your thought process and starts taking videos and samples.  You're the scientist back on Earth.  The Rover is mostly autonomous, but you can use radio control to take it over if you choose.  So here's your Mars Rover, taking pictures and samples of the surface of Mars.  If you take control of it, and start making it sort all the Mars rocks into piles of good rocks and piles of bad rocks then your Rover is going to run out of batteries before you see all of the Martian landscape. 

--quick aside, did you know studies have shown that people have only a finite amount of willpower to work with?  I'll find the article and post a link at the bottom--

Also, they're just rocks. It's silly to think there's good rocks and bad rocks.  And it's a bit silly to think there's good thoughts and bad thoughts.  There are going to be thoughts that you don't want to act on.  If I punched in the face every person I ever thought about punching in the face, nobody would ever get near me.  But it's OK to have that thought, because what it really means is that someone is pushing me too far and though it is not going to be through punching someone in the face (though ooooh, I want to!) I do need to defend myself, either through verbal negotiation or removing myself from the situation or pulling in a third party or whatever.  And there are thoughts that are self harmful, like if I look in the mirror and think "Gah! I'm horrible!"  Eventually, that's got to go.  But to get rid of harmful thoughts, you have to understand where they come from: What in your history and belief system leads you to this thought.  And if you're putting energy into condemning that thought, you're not putting energy into exploring its roots.

In general, I try to avoid words like good, bad, and should when I'm thinking about myself or about other people.  They're blanket terms that throw a lot of judgment around without inviting understanding.  I'll try to find some more specific way to think about it.  That isn't a bad thought, but it is self defeating, or perhaps unrealistically negative.  OK, now WHY is it those things?  If I just think "That's bad!" then the reaction is "OhmyGOD Getitoutgetitoutgetitoutgetitout!"  And that's not really helpful.

Articles!
This one is just cool.  Stop yelling at yourself for zoning out! 
http://discovermagazine.com/2009/jul-aug/15-brain-stop-paying-attention-zoning-out-crucial-mental-state

Argh.  The Discover article I want is buried, and I have depleeted my willpower trying to find it.  Here are the wikipedia article and a reputable-seeming article that references the study I was thinking of.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ego_depletion
http://lifehacker.com/5662132/youve-got-a-limited-supply-of-willpower-so-use-it-wisely

PS:  I'm sitting on my porch writing this and the sun is warm but the breeze is cool, so I keep pulling my hoodie on then taking it off.  Temperature regulation is a pain in my @$$!